Wrench



June 17 1924. 1,497,981

J. w. KAOUGH WRENCH Original iled [390- 2. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 311mm 1T01 June 17, 1924.

J. W. KAOUGH WRENCH Original Filed Dec. 2, 1922 2 sh 1 -sh 1 2 PatentedJune 17, 1924:.

umrso s rains PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH VI KAOUGH, OF DALLAS, TEXAS.

WRENCH.

Application filed December 2, 1922, Serial No. 604,595. Renewed November21, 1923.

The invention has particularly to do with that type of wrench which isdesigned for use on pipes, well casing and tool joints or othercylindrical objects which are usually in a perpendicular position. i

The object of the invention is to provide a wrench which is adapted tobe self-closing andself latching and including a pair of gripping andclamping members constituting jaws.

A further object is to provide a wrench wherein a pair of aws arearranged so as to close and grip the article when brought into contacttherewith and also to latch; together with an eccentric controlled by ahandle so as to increase the gripping or clamping action after the jawshave been latched. i

A still further object is to provide a pair of gripping jaws one ofwhich is pivoted in the wrench head and the other of which,

is hinged to the first named jaw. the last named jaw being self latchmgand the first named jaw co-acting with a displacing element, whereby anarticle is firmly clamped in the jaws.

Another object is to provide a pair of gripping jaws hinged together andpivoted in the head so as tojun dergo a relative sliding orcircumferential movement when displaced to clamp the pipe.

A still further object of the invention is to provide in one embodimentof the invention, a pair of gripping jaws arranged so that one uponbeing brought into contact with the article swings the other to a closedposition in which it is latched, the first named jaw being. free toundergo separate.

clamping act-ing after the last named jaw has been latched.

A construction designedto carry out the invention will be hereinafterdescribed together with other objects ofthe invention.

The invention'will be morereadily understood from a reading of thefollowing specification' and. by reference to the accernpany Fig. 5 is afragmentary view'of amodification, and i Fig. 6 is a. fragmentary viewof another modification.

In the drawings the numeral 10 desig n ates a head comprising cheekplates 11 connected at one side by a web 12 and at the other side by aweb 13, thus providing a space between the plates extendinglongitudinally thru' the head. The head has a concaved seat 14: atits'forward portion at one side of which the web 13 extends to theextremity of said head to form a lug'15; while at the other side of theseat the web 12 is cut away so that each plate is formed with acorresponding ear 16. Anarcuate actuating aw 17 is fulcrumed on a pin 18extending thru the ears and has its gripping surface substantiallycontiguous to the seat 14, while its outer end extends beyond the earsand is hinged in the bifurcated end of an arcuate gripping jaw 19 towhich it is connected by a pin 20. The gripping faces of the jaws havesubstantiallv1 the same radius, which is less than that of the articleto be gripped. The free end of the jaw 19 is provided with a latch hook21 which is shaped to ride into latch keeper 22 which straddles the lug1.5 and is pivoted on a pin 23 passing therethru.

The keeper has a handle 24; at its outer end whereby it may be swung offof the hook to free or release the jaw 19. The end of the lug 15 has aconcentric face 25 and a transverse pin 26 mounted in the yoke end ofthe keeper rides over said face when the keeper is swung. The inward orlatching move ment of the keeper is limited by theengagement of the saidpin with a stop 'shoulder'27 (Fig. 3) on the lug. In order that thelatch keeper may be normally held in a latching position with the pin inengagement with the shoulder, a yoke spring 28 embraces the lug 15 andhas its legs attached to eachside of the keeper outwardly of thepivotpin'23, each of said legs being coiled about said pin. The keeper thusplacedn'nder tension is provided with transverse latch bar 29 which isunder out. The hook has its face curved so as to ride over the bar 29and displace the keeper outwardly until said hook passes below the bar,where upon the keeper is swung inwardly so that the hook engages underthe bar and the aws are fastened. It will b seen that the hook does notcontact with the lug, thus leaving sutlicient play for the hook to. beswung inwardly when it is desired to release the keeper.

In Figs. Qand 4 the jaws are shown in their open position in dottedlines audit will be noted that the jaw 17 is thus in advanceof the seat14. and the jaw 19 is open sufiiciently to admit the pipe between thesame and the keeper. When the wrench is movedtoward the pipe, the latterterm being used generically, the function offthe actuatingjaw 17 is toengage the pipe and when swung inwardly, to swing the gripping jaw intoengagement with the latch keeper, thus fastening the wrench on the pipe.accomplish thls each plate 11 1s provided with a knuckle on itsextremity positioned to be engaged by a finger 31, the latter beingformed on each of the furcations of the' aw 19. The fin ers and knucklesare located between the pivot pins 18 and 20.

r I When the jaw 17is swung inwardly it is moved about its pivot pin 18,the knuckles being in fixed relation to said pin and stationary. Theouter end of the jaw 17 thru the agency of the pin 20 swings the aw 19inwardly and. the engaging the knuckles, amplify the swinging movementof the jaw 19 and cause it to swing upon its pivot pin 20, whereby it isclosed. As the gripping aw approaches its closing position the face ofthe hook 21 rides over the latching [bar 29 and finally engagesunder thesame. dicated in full lines in Figs.2,'3 and 4, the tips of the fingerswill register with the outer ends ofthe knuckleslso that thejaws arefreeto move independently to a limited extent. a v I It is not essentialto th invention that the jaw 1'? acts to swing the jaw 19 or that theknuckle: joint be employed. However an important feature of theinvention is the pivoting or hinging of the two aws together and thefulcruming of one of the jaws in the head, together with thedisplacement of the fulcrumed jaw to clamp the pipe.

In Fig. 5 I have shown a form in whi'cl'r the ears 16 have rounded ends16 co-acting with the jaw 19 and the latter is provided with arcuatefingers 50 swinging into recesses 51 in the head. When the jaw 19 is'tion when the wrench is moved. toward the pipe.

hen the jaws closed as'is in-.

In Fig. 6 the fingers 50 are combined with the knuckle joint in anauxiliary capacity. When the jaw 19 is opened the jaw 17 is swung fromthe seat and the fingers 50 are swung in advance of the jaw 17. Thuswhen the wrench is presented to the pipe the tingers 50 are firstengaged and should the knuckle joint fail to function, said fingers willclose the jaw 19.

Where the knuckle point is used the swing of the jaw 19 is amplifiedthereby and when the fingers 50 ar employed they control the swinging ofthe jaws.

After the pipe is gripped inthe jaws it is necessary to firmlyengagezthem withthe pipe so that the latter will be'turned when.

the wrench is swung. Between the cheek plates 11 I mounted an eccentricor cam and I also provide the inner edge of the actuating jaw 17 witha-cam face 33. An elongated handle 34 is attached to the cam for thepurpose of swinging the same and also to manipulate the wrench. In thecam is provided a pairof diverging slots 35 thruwhich pins 36 pass, thelatter being immovable in the plates 11.

It will be seen that one pin acts as a ful crum and the slot of theother pin permits the cam to undergo a limited arcua-te movement, thecam thus becoming an eccentric and riding along the cam 33, whereby thejaw 17 is displaced outwardly and caused to clamp the pipe.

The jaws being latched around the pipe and one being fulcrumed to thehead, while the other is fulcrumed to the first-named jaw, it would beimpossible to displace the jaw 17 unless compensation was provided atthe pin 18. has a slot 17 thruwhich the pin 18' passes and this permitssaid jaw to undergo a limited sliding movement when displaced by thecam. V

The pair of slots and pins 36 permit the cam to be swung in eitherdirection and thus the wrench is reversible by merely willnot crush thepipe or casing and yet will be positive and quick in action.

When placing the wrench on the pipe it is desirable to hold the handleagainst swinging and while any suitable means may be used for thispurpose, I found a spring plunger to give satisfactory results. On oneside of the handle I mount a box 37 adjacent, the plate 11 which isprovided with a socket 38 for receiving a plunger bolt 39 mounted toslide in the box. A plunger link 41 is pivoted to the end of the boltand extends thru a slotted bracket 40 mounted on the handle. A coiledspring 42 is confined on the link between the bolt and the For thispurpose the jaw 17 bracket and acts to seat the bolt in the socket. Afinger lever 43 is pivoted on a bracket 44 on the side of the handle andthe link is eccentrically pivoted to said lever, which when the bolt isseated, lies along the handle in approximately parallel relation to thelink. When it is desired to withdraw the bolt 39 from the socket 558 thelever is swung outwardly, whereby the link is pulled and the boltretracted. By swinging the lever to its full extent the parts are heldin unlatched position, whereby the lever is free to swing and actuatethe cam 32.

Various changes in the size and shape of the elements as well asmodifications may be made within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim, is:

1. In a wrench, a head having a seat, an actuating aw pivoted to thehead and swinging relatively of said seat, a gripping jaw pivoted to theactuating jaw and being swung thereby, a knuckle joint formed betweenthe gripping aw and head for amplifying the closing movement of saidjaw,

and means carried by the head for fastening the gripping aw in itsclosed position.

2. In a wrench, a head having aseat, an

actuating jaw pivoted to the head and swinging relatively of said seat,a gripping jaw pivoted to the actuating jaw and being swung thereby, aknuckle joint formed between the gripping jaw and the head foramplifying the closing movement of the said jaw, means for fastening thegripping jaw in its closed position, a cam mounted in the head andeccentrically engaging the actuating jaw for displacing the same intoclamping engagement with a pipe or the like, and a handle mounted in thehead and connected with the cam.

3. In a wrench, a head having a seat, an

actuating jaw pivoted to the head and.

swinging relatively of said seat, a gripping jaw pivoted to theactuating jaw outwardly of the head and being swung by the actuatingjaw, a knuckle joint provided between the head and the gripping jaw andlocated relatively between the pivots of the jaws, means for fasteningthe gripping jaw in its closed position, and means for displacing theactuating jaw into clamping position with relation to said seat and saidgripping jaw and including a handle.

4. In a wrench, a head, a pair of jaws hinged together, one of said jawsbeing pivoted on the head, the last named jaw swinging the first namedjaw whenswung itself, a self latching keeper carried by the head andengaged by one of the jaws, and means carried by the head and co-actingwith one of the jaws for amplifying the swinging. of the latter when thejaws are swun to engage with the keeper.

5. n a wrench, a head, a pair of jaws hinged together, one of said jawsbeing pivoted on'the head, the last named jaw swinging the first namedjaw when swung itself, a self latching keeper carried bythe head and ena ed b the first named 'aw i means carried by the head and co-actingwith the first named jaw for amplifying the swinging of the saidjawai'hen the jaws are swung, a handle, and means actuated by the handleand mounted in the jaw for dis.- placing the last named jaw intoclamping" engagement with the article gripped "by the gripping jaw, aknuckle on one of the ears" for engagement by the finger, a latch hookon the free end of the gripping aw, a spring actuated keeper pivoted onthe lug and engaged by the book, a handle, and means mounted in the headand connected with the handle for operating the actuating jaw to clampan article within the jaws.

7. In a wrench, a head comprising spaced cheek plates having a seat, alug provided on the head on one side of the seat, a pair of ears formedon the head on the other side of the seat, an actuating jaw pivoted between the ears and swinging thru the seat, the outer end of theactuating jaw projecting beyond the ears, a gripping jaw having one endpivoted on the projecting end of the actuating jaw, a finger carried bythe gripping jaw, a knuckle on one of the ears for engagement by thefinger, a latch hook on the free end of the gripping jaw, a springactuated keeper pivoted on the lug and engaged by the hook, a handle, acan] mounted in the head between the cheek plates and having a pair ofdiverging slots, pins fastened in the plates and passing thru the slotsof the cam, the actuating jaw having a cam face engaged by the cam, thehandle being connected with the cam, and means for detachably connectingthe handle with the head. i

8. In a wrench, a head having a seat, a curved actuating aw fulcrumed inthe head and swinging relatively of the seat, said jaw having a limitedsliding movement relative to its fulcrum, a gripping jaw pivoted to theactuating jaw, a latchcarried by the head and engaged by the grippingjaw, and means for displacing the actuating jaw to clamp an article inthe aws.

9. In a wrench, a head having a seat, a curved actuating jaw fulcrumedin the head and swinging relatively of the seat, said jaw having alimited sliding movement relative to its fulcrum, a gripping jaw pivotedto the actuating jaw a latch carried by the head and engaged by thegripping jaw a cam eccentrically pivoted in the head and engaging theactuating jaw to displace the same, and a handle connected with the cam.

10. In a Wrench, a head having a pair of ears at one side, an actuatingjaw tulcruined between the ears and havingone end projecting beyond theears, the actuating jaw having a'limited sliding movement relative- 1yof its fulcrum, a gripping jaw pivoted on the projecting end of theactuating jaw, a latch on the head opposite the ears, the grippinghaving means for closing it when the Wrench is engaged with a pipe,

the gripping jaw also having a hook for engaging the latch, said jawswinging relatively about the ears, and means including a handle fordisplacing the actuating jaw both sliclingly and rotatively relativelyof its fulcrum. f l V In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

JOSEPH W, KAOTTGH.

